Signs of Estrus/Heat 


  

External signs of estrus

Following are the external signs of heat
  1. Stand to be mounted.
  2. Micturition (frequent urination), ewe, doe, cow, and buffalo urinate by bending.
  3. Bellowing (increased vocalization), bleating in case of the goat.
  4. Less feed intake (due to high amount of estrogen in the blood that causes excitement, and more blood move towards reproductive organs)
  5. Less milk production (particularly in buffalo; there is engorgement of the teat in case of buffalo).
  6. Grouping of sexually active cows.
  7. Females in estrus will be 2-3 times more active.
  8. Bulling cow behavior (animals become frightened by other animals) and mounting on other animals from any side).
  9. The slight increase in body temperature.
  10. Less rumination or regurgitation time.
  11. Sniffing of the urine of other animals or sniffing/licking of urine by other animals.
  12. Swollen vulva.
  13. Scratches and blood streaks in the perianal region.
  14. Evidence of previous mucus discharge
  15. Stringing of mucus discharge (clear and transparent).
  16. White mucus indicates the presence of pus that is evidence of intra-uterine infection, and red mucus indicates ovulation has already taken place.
  17. Wagging of the tail in goat, flagging of the tail in mare, elevation, or lifting of the tail in cow and buffalo when the male approaches animals.
  18. Tummification (Vulval swelling and pink vaginal mucosa).
  19. Male seeking behavior in sheep.

Internal signs of estrus

  1. The vaginal mucosa is congested, moist, and hyperemic.
  2. External os of the cervix will be dilated (due to E2 influence).
  3. Tonic uterine horns.
  4. Coiling of uterine horns.
  5. Graffian follicles will be felt on any ovary.
  6. Corpus Albicans (corpus luteum of the previous cycle) can be felt.

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