Nematodes

Anticoagulants

Sr. no	Name	MOA	The amount required for 10ml blood	Advantages	Disadvantages
1	EDTA (K or Na salts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid)	Chelates free Ca++ in plasma	10-20   mg	1.Excellent preserving power for six hours 2.Rec. for routine hematology	2 mg/ml shrink cells
2	Heparin	Antithrombin and antithromboplastin	1-2 mg	1.Used for blood gas analysis 2.Least effect on size and hemolysis of RBC	1.Cause clumping of WBCs. 2.Interfere with stainability of WBCs 3.Expensive 4. Will not prevent clotting longer than 8 hrs 5.Not suitable for prothrombin time test
3	Sodium citrate	Makes insoluble salts of calcium citrate	10-20 mg	1.Used for blood transfusion	1. Interferes with many chemical tests. 2. Prevents clotting for only a few hours. 3.Shrink cells.
4	Potassium oxalate	Makes insoluble salts of calcium oxalate	20 mg	Very soluble	1.Cause 6-8 % shrinkage in cell volume 2.Poor for PCV and DLC 3.Interfare with ppt of protein when excess
5	Sodium oxalate	Same as above	20 mg	Used mainly for prothrombin time	Same as above
6	Ammonium and potassium oxalate	Same as above	1 ml	1.Used for most hematological procedures. 2.Produce less distortion and hemolysis of RBC than other oxalates	Potassium oxalate alone shrinks RBC while ammonium oxalate alone causes it to swell.
7	ACD solution (acid citrate dextrose)		25 ml for 100 ml of blood	Rec for blood transfusion