Anticoagulants
Sr. no
Name
MOA
The amount required for 10ml blood
Advantages
Disadvantages
1
EDTA (K or Na salts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid)
Chelates free Ca++ in plasma
10-20   mg
1.Excellent preserving power for six hours
2.Rec. for routine hematology
2 mg/ml shrink cells
2
Heparin
Antithrombin and antithromboplastin
1-2 mg
1.Used for blood gas analysis
2.Least effect on size and hemolysis of RBC
1.Cause clumping of WBCs.
2.Interfere with stainability of WBCs
3.Expensive
4. Will not prevent clotting longer than 8 hrs
5.Not suitable for prothrombin time test
3
Sodium citrate
Makes insoluble salts of calcium citrate
10-20 mg
1.Used for blood transfusion
1. Interferes with many chemical tests.
2. Prevents clotting for only a few hours.
3.Shrink cells.
4
Potassium oxalate
Makes insoluble salts of calcium oxalate
20 mg
Very soluble
1.Cause 6-8 % shrinkage in cell volume
2.Poor for PCV and DLC
3.Interfare with ppt of protein when excess
5
Sodium oxalate
Same as above
20 mg
Used mainly for prothrombin time
Same as above
6
Ammonium and potassium oxalate
Same as above
1 ml
1.Used for most hematological procedures.
2.Produce less distortion and hemolysis of RBC than other oxalates
Potassium oxalate alone shrinks RBC while ammonium oxalate alone causes it to swell.
7
ACD solution (acid citrate dextrose)

25 ml for 100 ml of blood
Rec for blood transfusion


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